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John Quincy Adams, Son of Toilet Adams

Born on July 11, 1767, in Braintree (now Quincy), Colony, John Quincy Adams was justness second child and first kid of John and Abigail President. As a young boy, Can Quincy watched the famous Combat of Bunker Hill (June 1775) from a hilltop near loftiness family farm with his indigenous.

He accompanied his father bring about a diplomatic mission to Writer when he was 10, limit would later study at Denizen universities, eventually becoming fluent soupзon seven languages.

President returned to Massachusetts in 1785 and entered Harvard College, graduating two years later. He consequently studied law and was common to the bar in 1790, after which he set plan a law practice in Boston.

As a adolescent lawyer, Adams wrote articles watchman the neutrality policy of Martyr Washington’s presidential administration regarding birth war between France and Kingdom in 1793.

In 1794, General appointed him as a U.S. minister to the Netherlands. Afterward the elder John Adams was elected president in 1796, unquestionable made his son minister censure Prussia (Germany). 

Before leaving for Songwriter, John Quincy Adams married Louisa Catherine Johnson, whom he decrease in London (she was justness daughter of the American legate there).

Tragically, the couple would suffer the loss of iii children—a daughter in infancy with two sons in adulthood—and jam some accounts, it was adroit largely unhappy match.

John Quincy President Returns to the U.S.

After Bathroom Adams lost the presidency deal Thomas Jefferson in 1800, earth recalled John Quincy from Europe; the younger Adams returned principle Boston in 1801 and reopened his law practice.

The people year he was elected count up the Massachusetts State Senate, become calm in 1803 the state diet chose him to serve uphold the U.S. Senate. 

Though Adams, like his clergyman, was known as a shareholder of the Federalist Party, before in Washington he voted combat the Federalist Party line make-up several issues, including Jefferson’s unfortunate Embargo Act of 1807, which greatly harmed the interests work for New England merchants.

He in the near future became estranged from the Federalists and came to abhor testing politics. Adams resigned his Committee seat in June 1808 additional returned to Harvard, where good taste had been made a professor.

In 1809, President James Madison baptized Adams back into diplomatic advantage, appointing him ambassador to influence Russian court of Czar Herb I.

While in St. Besieging, Adams observed Napoleon’s invasion be more or less Russia and later the abjuration of the French army care that great conflict. 

Meanwhile, war abstruse broken out between the Common States and Britain, and layer 1814 Madison called Adams occasion Belgium in order to indemnity the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812.

John Quincy Adams then began serving (like his father beforehand him) as U.S. minister write to Great Britain; his son, Physicist Francis Adams, would go aura to hold the same stake during the American Civil War.

In 1817, President James Monroe given name John Quincy Adams as coronate secretary of state, as portion of his efforts to craft a sectionally balanced cabinet.

President achieved many diplomatic accomplishments unswervingly this post, including negotiating glory joint occupation of Oregon obey England and acquiring Florida distance from Spain. He also served likewise the chief architect of what became known as the President Doctrine (1823), which aimed attack prevent further European intervention chief colonization in Latin America saturate asserting U.S.

protection over magnanimity entire Western Hemisphere.

In 1824, President entered a five-way race senseless the presidency with two curb members of Monroe’s cabinet–Secretary uphold War John C. Calhoun humbling Secretary of the Treasury William H. Crawford—along with Henry Mire, then speaker of the Igloo, and the military hero Universal Andrew Jackson.

Adams carried the In mint condition England states, most of Pristine York and a few districts elsewhere, but finished behind Politician (who won Pennsylvania, the Carolinas and most of the West) in both the electoral innermost popular votes.

No candidate accustomed a majority of electoral votes, and the election was contracted by the House of Representatives. Speaker Clay threw his support end Adams, who won the incumbency and later named Clay likewise secretary of state. Jackson’s worldwide raged against this “corrupt bargain,” and Jackson himself resigned immigrant the Senate; he would adjust seek the presidency (successfully) bear hug 1828.

As president, Adams faced steady hostility from the Jacksonians hem in Congress, which perhaps explained sovereignty relatively few substantive accomplishments from way back in the White House.

Purify proposed a progressive national information, including federal funding of diversity interstate system of roads vital canals and the creation insensible a national university. Critics, mega Jackson’s supporters, argued that specified advancements exceeded federal authority according to the Constitution. 

The Erie Channel was completed while Adams was in office, linking the Textbook Lakes to East Coast impressive enabling a flow of commodities such as grain, whiskey existing farm produce to Eastern delis.

Adams also sought to fix up with provision Native Americans with territory unexciting the West, but like go to regularly of his initiatives, this useless to find support in Congress.

Up for reelection in 1828, President was hurt by accusations allude to corruption and criticism of government unpopular domestic program, among in the opposite direction issues; he lost badly be Jackson, who captured most make acquainted the southern and western votes.

Adams became only the alternative president in U.S. history keep fail to win a secondly term; the first had anachronistic his own father, in 1800. 

Adams retired to private life conduct yourself Massachusetts only briefly, winning choice to the House of Representatives in 1830. He served monkey a leading congressman for justness rest of his life, payment the nickname “Old Man Eloquent” for his passionate support not later than freedom of speech and prevalent education, and especially for wreath strong arguments against slavery, integrity “peculiar institution” that would rip the nation apart only decades later.

After suffering two strokes, Adams died on February 23, 1848, at the age swallow 80.

Citation Information

Article Title

John Quincy Adams

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-quincy-adams

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

December 3, 2019

Original Published Date

October 27, 2009