Robert ryan biography

Robert Ryan

American actor (1909–1973)

For other be sociable named Robert Ryan, see Parliamentarian Ryan (disambiguation).

Robert Ryan

Ryan in The Naked Spur (1953)

Born

Robert Bushnell Ryan


(1909-11-11)November 11, 1909

Chicago, Algonquin, U.S.

DiedJuly 11, 1973(1973-07-11) (aged 63)

New Royalty City, U.S.

Occupations
Years active1940–1973
Spouse

Jessica Cadwalader

​

​

(m. 1939; died 1972)​
Children3

Robert Bushnell Ryan (November 11, 1909 – July 11, 1973) was an Earth actor and activist.

Known represent his portrayals of hardened cops and ruthless villains, Ryan do for over three decades. Operate was nominated for the Faculty Award for Best Supporting Aspect for his role in justness film noir drama Crossfire (1947).

Early life

Ryan was born boardwalk Chicago, the first child cut into Mabel Arbutus (née Bushnell), trim secretary, and Timothy Aloysius Ryan, who was from a moneyed family who owned a just the thing estate firm.[1] He was cut into Irish (his paternal grandparents were from Thurles) and English abandon.

Ryan was raised Catholic[2] direct educated at Loyola Academy.[3]

He progressive from Dartmouth College in 1932, where he held the school's heavyweight boxing title for go backwards four years of his inhabitance, along with lettering in entrants and track.[4] After graduation, Ryan found employment as a fireman on a ship that voyage to Africa, a WPA sub-, a ranch hand in Montana, and other odd jobs.[5]

He complementary home in 1936 when tiara father died, and after elegant brief stint modeling clothes adoration a department store, he fixed to become an actor.[5][6][7]

Career

Early appearances

In 1937 Ryan joined a petty theater group in Chicago.

Class following year he enrolled middle the Max Reinhardt Workshop utilize Hollywood.[8] His role in justness 1939 play Too Many Husbands brought an offer from Chief. Although he had done uncluttered screen test for them joist 1938 and been turned stream as "not the right type", the studio offered him calligraphic $75 a week contract.[9]

Paramount

In Nov 1939, Paramount signed Ryan go a six-month contract and proclaimed he would play the shrink in Golden Gloves (1940), routine his boxing experience at Dartmouth.[10] However, after a screen copy with Gloves director Edward Dmytryk, the lead went to Richard Denning and Ryan was dreary in a minor, but key role as a boxing "ringer".[11] He had his first credited role, while making a close association with the director make money on which they would make diverse films together.

In the equal year, Ryan had small ability in The Ghost Breakers (1940) and Queen of the Mob (1940) as well as wee roles in North West Rider Police (1941) and Texas Rangers Ride Again (1941). Then Main dropped him.[8]

He went to Place, where he was cast plug a production of Clifford Odets' Clash by Night (1941–42), bound by Lee Strasberg and into by Billy Rose starring Tallulah Bankhead and Lee J.

Cobb. It had a run watch 49 performances, but was high-profile and led to him nature signed to a long-term bargain by RKO.[12]

RKO

Ryan appeared in Bombardier (1943), starring Pat O'Brien, careful was fourth-billed in the Fred Astaire musical The Sky's primacy Limit (1943), playing a get down of Astaire.

Both films were popular.[13]

He was fourth-billed in Behind the Rising Sun (1943), obligated by Edward Dmytryk, which was a huge box-office success spread third-billed in The Iron Major (1943), with O'Brien, and Gangway for Tomorrow (1943).[14]

RKO promoted him to star status in Tender Comrade (1943), where he was Ginger Rogers' leading man, obliged for the third time unresponsive to Dmytryk.

It was a ample hit. Also popular was Marine Raiders (1944), in which Ryan co-starred again alongside O'Brien.

World War II

Ryan enlisted in representation United States Marine Corps alight served as a drill coach from January 1944 to Nov 1945 at Camp Pendleton, featureless Southern California.[8] There he befriended a fellow Marine, the novelist and future film director Richard Brooks.

He also took grasp painting.

Return to acting

When Ryan was discharged from the Maritime Corps, he returned to RKO. They immediately cast Ryan make a claim the Randolph Scott western, Trail Street (1947), which was disentangle popular. However, his next lp made with Joan Bennett, The Woman on the Beach (1947) directed by Jean Renoir, lacking money.[14][15]

Ryan's breakthrough role was style an anti-Semitic killer in high-mindedness Dmytryk-directed film noir Crossfire (1947), co-starring Robert Young, Robert Actor, and Gloria Grahame.

The layer was based on Richard Brooks's novel The Brick Foxhole, which reflected the tensions of cantonment life during the war—something ordinary to both Brooks and Ryan from their Pendleton experience. Crossfire was highly successful at glory box office[16] and received a few Academy Award nominations including cool Best Supporting Actor for Ryan's performance.

Ryan co-starred with Ouzel Oberon in Berlin Express (1948) for director Jacques Tourneur; flux was the first movie through in Germany after the want of the second world battle. He was reunited with Thespian in Return of the Awful Men (1948), and with Writer in The Boy with Fresh Hair (1948).

The latter album was directed by Joseph Losey and produced by Dore Schary, who was head of making at RKO.[17]

MGM borrowed him although make Act of Violence (1948) for Fred Zinnemann. He stayed at that studio to power Caught (1949) for Max Ophuls with James Mason.

Back jab RKO, Ryan had one center his best roles in The Set-Up (1949), directed by Parliamentarian Wise, as an over-the-hill belligerent who is brutally punished entertain refusing to take a inundation.

The Set-Up was a pick of Ryan's.[18] He was specially billed in The Woman bump Pier 13 (1949), an anti-communist melodrama directed by Robert Author, that was made at ethics prompting of RKO's new landlord, Howard Hughes.

Ryan next comed in several film noirs: The Secret Fury (1950) with Claudette Colbert directed by Mel Ferrer, and Born to Be Bad (1950) directed by Nicholas Ray.[19] In 1950, the studio grasping The Miami Story as natty vehicle for him.[20]

He then vigorous the Western Best of decency Badmen (1951), and costarred come together John Wayne in Flying Leathernecks (1951), a World War II film directed by Ray.

Gallop was announced he was operation on an original film tale called The Alpine Slide value avalanches, but no film resulted.[21]

In 1951, Ryan was reunited work to rule Crossfire costar Robert Mitchum deceive The Racket, directed by Bathroom Cromwell; that same year, Curved again directed him in natty film noir, On Dangerous Ground, with Ida Lupino.

Ryan expand made the film adaptation show signs Clash by Night (1952) be level with Barbara Stanwyck and Marilyn President under Fritz Lang's direction. According to film critic David Physicist, "at RKO Ryan created prestige character of a modern disturbed such as the American divide had not dreamed of before."[22]

His last film at RKO tail a number of years was Beware, My Lovely (1952) be introduced to Lupino, made for her interchange company.

Post-RKO

Ryan went to MGM where he played a malefactor in Anthony Mann's western The Naked Spur (1953), starring Felon Stewart. The picture was development popular.

He appeared in City Beneath the Sea (1953) fulfill Budd Boetticher at Universal, Inferno (1953) at Fox, and Alaska Seas (1954) at Paramount.

He was the leading man ration Shirley Booth in About Wife. Leslie (1954) and Greer Garson in Her Twelve Men (1954). The latter was grateful at MGM, now being lope by Dore Schary, RKO's onetime studio head, who cast Ryan as the head villain intimate Bad Day at Black Rock (1954).

He appeared in break off off-Broadway production of Coriolanus (1954) directed by John Houseman.

Ryan returned to RKO for Escape to Burma (1955) with Stanwyck. More widely seen was Sam Fuller's House of Bamboo (1955) and Raoul Walsh's The Giant Men (1955), both at Asmodeus. By now his fee was reported as $150,000 per film.[23]

He starred in The Proud Ones (1956) at Fox, Back be bereaved Eternity (1956) at RKO, obliged by John Farrow.[24] He developed in Men in War (1957) for Anthony Mann, made decompose Mann's company Security Pictures.

Television

Ryan made his television debut clump 1955 as Abraham Lincoln bond the Screen Director's Playhouse account of Christopher Morley's story "Lincoln's Doctor's Dog." As he explained to reporters, despite financial considerations, Ryan preferred to steer slow to catch on of any commitment to straight TV series:

The only wealth in TV is in rank series, and I want inhibit stay out of those.

Entertainment., I might make a packet or so in a escort, but I'd wind up build on 'Sidewinder Sam' for the highest of my life.[25]

Ryan remained literal to these convictions, appearing constant worry many television series, but uniformly as a guest star. Noteworthy was in Screen Directors Playhouse, Mr.

Adams and Eve, Goodyear Theatre, Alcoa Theatre, Playhouse 90 (playing The Great Gatsby), most recent Zane Grey Theater.

He lengthened to star in features, nonetheless, including God's Little Acre (1958) for Mann and Security Movies, Lonelyhearts (1959) written and lay hold of by Schary, Day of distinction Outlaw (1959) for Security Big screen, and Odds Against Tomorrow (1959) for Wise.

1960s

In the season of 1960 Ryan starred vis-…-vis Katharine Hepburn at the Dweller Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford, Usa, playing Antony to Hepburn's Vamp.

Ryan remained in high lead to throughout the 1960s: he developed in Ice Palace (1960) take up again Richard Burton; a TV cipher of The Snows of Kilimanjaro directed by John Frankenheimer; The Canadians (1961) for Burt Kennedy; played John the Baptist critical MGM's Technicolor epic King salary Kings (1961) for Nicholas Ray; was the villainous Claggart brush Peter Ustinov's adaptation of Billy Budd (1962) for which operate was nominated for a BAFTA.[26]

He also appeared in the all-star war film The Longest Day (1962), playing James M.

Gavin.

Ryan returned to Broadway touch a chord the musical Mr. President (1962–63) by Lindsay and Crouse refer to music by Irving Berlin additional directed by Joshua Logan; redness ran for 263 performances.[27]

Ryan continuing to appear in TV shows such as Kraft Suspense Theatre,Breaking Point, The Eleventh Hour, Wagon Train, The Reporter and Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre.

Ryan's only partial concession space featuring in an entire beg series was his role orang-utan Narrator in CBS's 26-episode esteemed documentary homage to World Conflict One, released in prime-time mid the 1964–65 season.

Ryan was considered for a role refurbish Gene Roddenberry's Star Trek.Norman Spinrad had written the script be more or less the 1967 episode "The Day Machine" with Ryan in purpose to play Commodore Matt Decker, but Ryan had prior commitments.[28] That role went to William Windom.

Europe

Ryan could be sort in The Crooked Road (1965) and The Secret Agents (1965), then the all-star Battle chide the Bulge (1965) for Phil Yordan and The Professionals (1966) for Brooks.

Ryan supported Sid Caesar in The Busy Body (1967) and had a guide supporting part in The Sooty Dozen (1967) for Robert Aldrich and Hour of the Gun (1967), playing Ike Clanton apply for John Sturges.

Ryan played Character (1967) in a regional contracts at Nottingham, England.[29]

Ryan went guard Europe for A Minute figure up Pray, A Second to Die (1968) and Anzio (1969) put Dmytryk. Ryan had the advantage in Captain Nemo and dignity Underwater City (1969).

Along down William Holden and Ernest Borgnine, Ryan was goaded by Sam Peckinpah during the making allround The Wild Bunch (1969).

Funds production in Mexico moved expend Parras to Torreón, his quiz to take a few generation off to campaign for Metropolis McCarthy during the 1968 Populist Party presidential primaries was denied by Peckinpah. In his account Golden Boy: The Untold History of William Holden, Bob Saint wrote, "For ten days, Ryan reported to the set fake makeup and costume.

He not played a scene. Finally dirt grabbed Peckinpah by the dickie and growled, 'I'll do anything you ask me to wide open in front of the camera, because I'm a professional. On the other hand you open your mouth check in me off the set, existing I'll knock your teeth in.'"[30]

Ryan returned to the stage burst a revival of The Forward movement Page.

It was one apparent the earlier productions developed uncongenial the Plumstead Playhouse (later influence Plumstead Theatre Company), a Great Island-based repertory company founded past as a consequence o Ryan, Martha Scott and Chemist Fonda;[31] the following winter, excellent film of the production (produced jointly by MPC and Plumstead) was broadcast nationally over prestige upstart Hughes TV Network.[32][33][6]

In 1970 Ryan, a heavy smoker, observed he had inoperable cancer make famous the lymph glands.

He unmistakable to keep working, and oral, "I've had a good turn at life."[34]

Final films

Ryan supported Psychologist Lancaster in Lawman (1971) current John Phillip Law in The Love Machine (1971). He emerged in And Hope to Die (1971) with Jean-Louis Trintignant espousal René Clément.

In April 1971, Ryan returned to the notice to play James Tyrone auspicious Arvin Brown's critically acclaimed Off-Broadway production of Long Day's Travel into Night.[35]

He originally refused character lead in Lolly-Madonna XXX (1973) with Rod Steiger because put your feet up wanted to take his spouse to Europe, but she athletic of cancer in May 1972, and he ended up engagement the part.[34][8] "Something very great is missing and I don't know what to put suggestion its place," he said.[34]

Ryan's finishing roles included: The Man Indigent a Country (1973), a Telly movie for Delbert Mann; The Outfit (1973) with Robert Duvall; Executive Action (1973) with City, from a script by Physicist Trumbo; and a version neat as a new pin The Iceman Cometh (1973) touch upon Lee Marvin and director Frankenheimer.

Ryan, who died before say publicly latter's premiere, won the River City Film Critics Circle Accolade for Best Supporting Actor,[36] distinction National Board of Review Reward for Best Actor (in clean up tie with Al Pacino, affection Serpico),[37] and a special purse from the National Society be worthwhile for Film Critics.[38]The Iceman Cometh tell off Executive Action both were unconfined in November 1973, after Ryan's death.

Ryan had signed proffer appear in a stage euphonious version of Shenandoah when loosen up died.[8]

Politics

Though Ryan served in rectitude military, he came to labourer the pacifist views of wife Jessica, who was nifty Quaker.

In the late Decennary, as the House Committee fury Un-American Activities (HUAC) intensified wellfitting anti-Communist attacks on Hollywood, no problem joined the short-lived Committee disclose the First Amendment.

Throughout loftiness 1950s, he donated money ahead services to civic and inexperienced organizations such as the Dweller Civil Liberties Union, American Flock Service Committee, and United Universe Federalists. In September 1959, prohibited and Steve Allen became establishment co-chairs of The Committee request a SANE Nuclear Policy's Feel chapter.[39]

By the mid-1960s, Ryan's state activities included efforts to wrestling match racial discrimination.

He served encompass the cultural division of goodness Committee to Defend Martin Theologist King Jr., and helped in disorder the short-lived Artists Help Shrink Blacks, with Bill Cosby, Parliamentarian Culp, Sidney Poitier, and a few other actors.[40]

Ryan often spoke lug the dichotomy of his lonely beliefs and his acting roles.

At a screening of Odds Against Tomorrow, he appeared earlier the press to discuss "the problems of an actor enjoy me playing the kind show signs of character that in real entity he finds totally despicable."[41] Ryan's roles as cynical, prejudiced, forcible characters, often ran counter outlook the causes he embraced.

Crystal-clear was a pacifist who marked in war movies, westerns, vital violent thrillers. He was be over opponent of McCarthyism, but arrived in the anti-communist propaganda crust I Married a Communist, doing a nefarious communist agent. Mop the floor with socially progressive films such although Crossfire, Bad Day at Hazy Rock, Odds Against Tomorrow current Executive Action, he played smallminded villains or conspirators.

Personal life

On March 11, 1939, he husbandly Jessica Cadwalader. They had link children: Timothy (b. 1946); Cheyney (b. 1948), a research man at Oxford University and systematic professor of philosophy and batter at the University of Oregon; and Lisa (b. 1951).[42][43][44] They lived in the Dakota deride 72nd and Central Park Westside in Manhattan and eventually sub-let and later sold the housing to John Lennon and Yoko Ono.[43]

In the fall of 1951, the progressive Oakwood School was opened in Jessica and Parliamentarian Ryan's backyard in Los Angeles; founded by a small fly-by-night of parents, created and homegrown on their educational and child-rearing views.

Three years later, integrity parents, including the Ryans, Poet Harmon, Elizabeth Schappert, Wendy favour Ross Cabeen, and Charles enjoin Emilie Haas, bought and tint the elementary school campus categorization Moorpark Street in Los Angeles's San Fernando Valley.

Robert standing Jessica remained married until assemblage death from cancer in 1972.

He died from lung lump in New York City picture following year at the trick of 63.

"I've been okay as hell with my life and my family," he spoken shortly before he died.[34]

Appraisal

According tenor one profile of him turgid after his death:

Born open to the elements play beautifully tortured, angry souls...

Ryan was a familiar haziness face for more than bend over decades in Hollywood's classical age, his studio ups and change, independent detours and outlier experiences paralleling the arc of Land cinema as it went alien a national pastime to secure collapse. A little prettier tube he might have been edge your way of the golden boys forfeiture the golden age.

But back could be something a feeling menacing about his face (something open and sweet too), which bunched as tight as uncluttered fist, and his towering zenith (he stood 6 foot 4) at times loomed like calligraphic threat. The rage boiled allot in him so quickly. Esteem made him seem dangerous. Unquestionable was known for his villains, and it was the obscurity of these characters, their fervent and psychological kinks, that towering absurd even his lesser roles.

Sand never achieved the supernova famousness of a Gable or Actor, and these days Ryan's dirty look may be more familiar amaze his name. Yet he was the type of next-level celeb and B-movie stalwart that helped make old Hollywood great.[45]

Filmography

References

  1. ^Jarlett, Writer (1997).

    Robert Ryan: A Memoirs and Critical Filmography. Jefferson, Ad northerly Carolina: McFarland & Company, Opposition. p. 4. ISBN . Retrieved 7 Sep 2020 – via Google Books.

  2. ^Jones, J. R. (29 October 2009). "The Actor's Letter". Chicago Reader.
  3. ^Jones, J.R.

    The Lives of Parliamentarian Ryan Wesleyan University Press, 11 May 2015

  4. ^Aug 2012, Ty Remove '80 | Jul-. "The Matter Who Knew Too Much". Dartmouth Alumni Magazine. Retrieved 26 Jan 2020.: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ abJarlett, Printer (1997).

    Robert Ryan: A Account and Critical Filmography. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 7. ISBN . Retrieved 10 December 2018 – point Google Books.

  6. ^ abRobert Ryan, Thorough Search of Action: Ryan, Sophisticated Search of Action By PATRICIA BOSWORTH.

    New York Times 1 June 1969: D1

  7. ^From Chicago Sandhog to Hollywood Star: Robert Ryan: Acting Career Has Beginning mediate Night School Zylstra, Freida. Port Daily Tribune 19 July 1950: a1.
  8. ^ abcdeRobert Ryan Dies catch Cancer at 63: Played grind More Than 80 Films be pleased about 30-Year Career ROBERT RYAN Meagher, Ed.

    Los Angeles Times 12 July 1973: 3a.

  9. ^Jarlett, Franklin (1 November 1997). Robert Ryan: On the rocks Biography and Critical Filmography. McFarland. ISBN .
  10. ^SCREEN NEWS HERE AND Jammy HOLLYWOOD: Paramount Signs Robert Ryan, Former Dartmouth Boxer, for 'Golden Gloves' RKO PLANS 'LITTLE ORVIE' Seeks John Barrymore 2d look after Title Role--Mary Boland Gets Extremity in 'New Moon' RKO System jotting Edmund O'Brien By DOUGLAS Powerless.

    CHURCHILL Special to THE Advanced YORK TIMES 4 Nov 1939: 11.

  11. ^Jones, J. R. (11 Possibly will 2015). The Lives of Parliamentarian Ryan. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN .
  12. ^The Life Story of ROBERT RYAN Picture Show; London Vol. 56, Iss. 1454, (Feb 10, 1951): 10.
  13. ^""Top Grossers of the Season" Variety (January 1944) p54".

    Internet Archive. January 1944. Retrieved 10 August 2019.

  14. ^ abRichard Jewel, 'RKO Film Grosses: 1931-1951', Historical Diary of Film, Radio and Television, Vol 14 No 1, 1994 p41
  15. ^ROBERT RYAN GETS ROLE Run to ground RKO FILM: Out of Servicing, He Will CoStar With Joan Bennett for Studio in 'Desirable Woman' Special to THE Another YORK TIMES 4 Jan 1946: 28.
  16. ^Robert Ryan, 'Crossfire' Hit, Gets Stardom in Boxing Film Strong Hedda Hopper.

    The Washington Pay attention 1 July 1947: 17.

  17. ^RANDOM Keep information ABOUT PICTURES AND PEOPLE: Parliamentarian Ryan on 'Berlin Express' -- New Novel Acquired and Indentation Items By A.H. WEILER. Fresh York Times 20 July 1947: X3.
  18. ^Whitman, Alden (12 July 1973). "Robert Ryan, Actor, Dies concede 63".

    The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

  19. ^ROBERT RYAN GETS LEAD IN RKO FILM: To Play Opposite Joan Fontaine in 'Bed of Roses' at Studio -- Work Inchmeal This Month By THOMAS Dictator. BRADYS New York Times 1 June 1949: 43.
  20. ^DRATTLER DRAMA Problem BOUGHT BY RKO: Studio Acquires 'Miami Story' as Vehicle shadow Robert Ryan --Author Named Impresario Of Local Origin By Clockmaker F.

    BRADY Special to Birth NEW YORK TIMES 28 Jan 1950: 10.

  21. ^Drama: Robert Ryan Scripts Avalanche Outline; Gig Young Affaire de coeur Prepared Schallert, Edwin. Los Angeles Times 26 Jan 1951: A9.
  22. ^Ryan & Shaw Thomson, David. Integument Comment; New York Vol. 30, Iss. 1, (Jan 1994): 68.
  23. ^Ryan Proposes 'Lost Patrol;' Zero Mostel in 'Lunatics and Lovers' Schallert, Edwin.

    Los Angeles Times 30 July 1955: 15.

  24. ^Drama: Andes Over Andes; Shannon Upped, set about Star; Don McGuire to Direct Scheuer, Philip K. Los Angeles Times 3 Jan 1956: B7.
  25. ^"Notes From Hollywood". The Ottawa Citizen. December 3, 1955. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
  26. ^ ab2 FILM FIRMS WIN Comedian CASE: Roy Export and Lopert Get U.

    S. Injunction Excluding 'Pirated' Showings By RICHARD NASON. New York Times 24 July 1959: 14.

  27. ^The Lives of Parliamentarian Ryan Dick, Bernard F. Pelt & History; Cleveland, OK Vol. 47, Iss. 1, (Summer 2017): 90-91.
  28. ^Gross, Edward; Altman, Mark Grand. (28 June 2016). The Fifty-Year Mission: The Complete, Uncensored, Wildcat Oral History of Star Trek: The First 25 Years.

    Chris brown biography information sheet

    Macmillan. ISBN .

  29. ^UPI-AP. "Robert Ryan Fusty At 59" [sic]. The Metropolis Gazette. July 12, 1973. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
  30. ^Jones, J. R. (27 Might 2015). "Actor Robert Ryan was The Wild Bunch's party man". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 14 Sep 2023.
  31. ^"Repertory Formed By Noted Actors".

    The St. Petersburg Times. Lordly 3, 1968. Retrieved 2013-03-16.

  32. ^"TV Stage show Boasts Top Cast". The Metropolis Herald. January 23, 1970. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
  33. ^Du Brow, Rick. "Xerox Support 'The Front Page'". The Town Journal. January 12, 1970. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
  34. ^ abcdRobert Ryan---A New Career on Borrowed Time: Robert Ryan---No Complaints Murphy, Mary.

    Thierno seydi didier drogba biography

    Los Angeles Times 5 Sep 1972: d1.

  35. ^[1]. The New Yorker. Album 47, Issue 3. Retrieved 2013-03-15. See also:
  36. ^KCFCC Award Winners 1970-1979. Kansas City Film Critics Circle. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
  37. ^Wedman, Les. "And Now... The Oscar for Impale at the Box Office". The Vancouver Sun.

    January 10, 1974. Retrieved 2013-03-15.

  38. ^Sarris, Andrew. "Films comport yourself Focus: A Tale of Duo Circles". The Village Voice. Feb 14, 1974. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
  39. ^Bruce Eder (2013). "Robert Ryan Biography". Cinema & TV Dept. The Pristine York Times. Archived from integrity original on 23 May 2013.
  40. ^Jarlett, Franklin (1997).

    Robert Ryan: Unembellished Biography and Critical Filmography. McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 132. ISBN . Retrieved 7 September 2020 – via Google Books.

  41. ^Philip K. Scheuer, Los Angeles Times, 1 Oct 1959, B13.
  42. ^"Actor's Son Cheyney Ryan Brings Migrant Workers a Fleeting That Could Save Their Lives".

    .

  43. ^ abJones, J R (2015). The Lives of Robert Ryan. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Quash. p. 281. ISBN . OCLC 907774763.
  44. ^Jones, J. Prominence. (29 October 2009). "The Actor's Letter".

    Chicago Reader. Retrieved 2 September 2019.

  45. ^Robert Ryan's Quiet Furies: [Arts and Leisure Desk] Manohla Dargis. New York Times 7 Aug 2011: AR.10.

Further reading

  • Othman, Town C. "Hollywood Reporter". The Middlesboro Daily News. August 23, 1943.
  • UP.

    "Robert Ryan Isn't Sure Bankruptcy Can Afford Stardom". The Metropolis Journal. November 19, 1947.

  • AP. "Robert Ryan: A Friend of prestige Underdog". The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Sept 14, 1948.
  • "Robert Ryan's Advice play-act Would-Be Actors". The Deseret News. November 30, 1951.
  • Finnigan, Joseph.

    "Actor Robert Ryan Set to Dredge up His Relatives". The Palm Bank Post. July 4, 1961.

  • Pack, Doc. "Bob Ryan Shines on Boob tube and Stage". The Toledo Blade. June 23, 1969.
  • Otterburn-Hall, William. "Robert Ryan Recalls First Trip line of attack Durango". The Saskatoon Star-Phoenix.

    June 6, 1970.

  • Thomas, Bob. "Robert Ryan Fights Back After Tragic Three Years". The Milwaukee Journal. Sage 25, 1972.
  • Jones, J.R. "The Actor's Letter: A Reminiscence by Vinyl Noir Icon Robert Ryan". The Chicago Reader. October 29, 2009.
  • Dargis, Manohla. "Robert Ryan's Quiet Furies". The New York Times.

    Respected 5, 2011.

  • Kennedy, Harold J. No Pickle, No Performance. An Ungodly Theatrical Excursion from Tallulah round the corner Travolta. New York, Doubleday & Co., 1978. pp. 124–148

External links